Chaque ann\u00e9e, \u00e0 la m\u00eame saison, une partie de la R\u00e9publique centrafricaine se remet au rythme de la for\u00eat. Dans plusieurs r\u00e9gions du pays, les familles s’enfoncent un peu plus loin dans les massifs forestiers pour la cueillette des chenilles comestibles, une ressource alimentaire et \u00e9conomique que l’on a trop souvent tendance, depuis les villes, \u00e0 regarder comme un folklore plut\u00f4t que comme ce qu’elle est r\u00e9ellement : un pilier discret de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire de milliers de foyers ruraux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ce rendez-vous saisonnier m\u00e9rite mieux qu’un haussement d’\u00e9paules. Il faut le dire sans d\u00e9tour : la chenille n’est pas un aliment mineur. Riche en prot\u00e9ines, peu co\u00fbteuse \u00e0 produire lorsqu’elle est bien g\u00e9r\u00e9e, elle constitue depuis des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations un compl\u00e9ment nutritionnel essentiel dans un pays o\u00f9 l’acc\u00e8s \u00e0 une alimentation suffisante et \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e reste, pour trop de familles, un d\u00e9fi quotidien. R\u00e9duire cette tradition \u00e0 une curiosit\u00e9 culinaire destin\u00e9e aux march\u00e9s de Bangui, c’est ignorer le travail, souvent harassant, de celles et ceux qui doivent chaque saison s’aventurer plus profond\u00e9ment en for\u00eat pour esp\u00e9rer remplir leur panier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Une ressource \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger, pas seulement \u00e0 consommer<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Car c’est bien l\u00e0 que le b\u00e2t blesse. Si les cueilleurs doivent aller toujours plus loin, ce n’est pas un hasard : c’est le signe d’une pression croissante sur des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes forestiers d\u00e9j\u00e0 fragilis\u00e9s par la d\u00e9forestation, l’exploitation mini\u00e8re artisanale et l’expansion des terres agricoles. C\u00e9l\u00e9brer cette tradition sans s’interroger sur sa durabilit\u00e9 reviendrait \u00e0 fermer les yeux sur un avertissement que la for\u00eat centrafricaine adresse, saison apr\u00e8s saison, \u00e0 ceux qui en vivent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Il est temps de sortir cette question du seul registre folklorique pour la traiter comme ce qu’elle est : un enjeu de souverainet\u00e9 alimentaire et de gestion des ressources naturelles. Cela suppose d’accompagner les communaut\u00e9s qui vivent de cette cueillette, de mieux documenter l’\u00e9tat des populations de chenilles comestibles, et de penser, d\u00e8s maintenant, des pratiques de r\u00e9colte qui n’\u00e9puisent pas ce que la for\u00eat donne encore, chaque ann\u00e9e, \u00e0 ceux qui savent l’\u00e9couter. Ce texte de commentaire pourra utilement \u00eatre enrichi, par le r\u00e9dacteur, de t\u00e9moignages recueillis directement aupr\u00e8s de cueilleurs et de sp\u00e9cialistes des for\u00eats centrafricaines.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Chaque ann\u00e9e, \u00e0 la m\u00eame saison, une partie de la R\u00e9publique centrafricaine se remet au rythme de la for\u00eat. 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